Worked Example 1
Multiplying by a Two-Digit Number
346 × 27
- 1Multiply by the ones: 346 × 7 = 2,422.
- 2Multiply by the tens: 346 × 20 = 6,920.
- 3Add: 2,422 + 6,920 = 9,342.
- 4Check: 350 × 30 = 10,500, so 9,342 is reasonable.
Answer: 9,342
Florida Grade 5 Math · Number Sense and Operations
MA.5.NSO.2.1: Multiplying multi-digit whole numbers
What this Grade 5 benchmark means, worked examples, common mistakes, and a free printable worksheet.
Created by a Florida mom · Published by Tropical Learning LLC
What Is Benchmark MA.5.NSO.2.1?
In Grade 5, students multiply multi-digit whole numbers fluently, including with the standard algorithm, such as 346 × 27.
The key idea: multiply by each digit of the second number separately (the ones, then the tens), then add the partial products. Estimating first helps check the answer.
Official benchmarkMultiply multi-digit whole numbers including using a standard algorithm with procedural fluency.
On the FAST test: part of the Grade 5 reporting category Number Sense and Operations with Whole Numbers, which is about 23–29% of the test.
Worked Examples
Worked Example 2
Multiplying a Four-Digit Number
1,208 × 35
- 11,208 × 5 = 6,040.
- 21,208 × 30 = 36,240.
- 36,040 + 36,240 = 42,280.
Answer: 42,280
Common Mistakes to Watch For
Forgetting the zero when multiplying by tens
Wrong:346 × 27 = 2,422 + 692 = 3,114
The 2 in 27 means 2 tens, so multiply by 20: 346 × 20 = 6,920. Write the 0 placeholder first.
Losing track of regrouped digits
Wrong:48 × 6 = 248
8 × 6 = 48: write 8, carry 4. Then 4 × 6 = 24, plus the 4 carried = 28. The answer is 288.
Helpful Math Tip
Estimate before you multiply. If 346 × 27 is about 350 × 30 = 10,500, an answer like 3,114 is clearly too small.
Related Grade 5 Skills
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